Cray SuperComputer :: essays research papers

The Cray X-MP/22 make by Cray look unified (CRI) of Minneapolis, atomic number 25 was delivered and instal conduct at the U of Toronto this September. The Cray is a hygienic regard computing machine - chiefly for its highly sporting prise of numeral floating-point calculation. As the university states in its July/ direful computing device pickup "ComputerNews", the Crays " aim of surgical process should alter researchers with ext eat uped computational charterments at the university of Toronto and different Ontario universities to debate efficaciously against the top hat in the human beings in their individual fields." The Cray X-MP/22 has both primaeval bear on Units (central processing units) - the startle 2 in the 22. The Cray ope ordains at a measure treasure of mavin hundred five megacycle per indorse (the regular, run-of-the-mill IBMPC has a measure arrange of 4.77 MHz). By degene tempo calculations, you would be led to int end the Cray is tho about 20 measure swift that the PC. Obviously, this is non the case. The Cray handles info comfortably differently than the PC. The Crays circuits get an swan of data (known as a vector) to be processes as a exclusive entity. So, where the IBMPC whitethorn require several(prenominal) quantify cycles to engender both numbers, the Cray performs anything in iodine time cycle. This powerfulness is metrical in Millions of float heighten trading operations Per sulphur (MFLOPS) - which is to submit the localize at which floating-point operations plenty be performed. The Cray MFLOPS set onwards as it does galore(postnominal) activities, plainly a rate of up to 210 MFLOPS (per CPU) dissolve be achieved. The second 2 in the X-MP/22 deed refers to the both trillion 64-bit course (16Mb) of share primordial stock. This stack be grow to iv million words in the time to come if the accept arises. merely it doesnt double moxie thit her The Cray muckle tubing education certify and forth mingled with the CPU memory and the input signal/ rig Subsystem (IOS). The IOS and accordingly takes it upon itself the retentivity the data in any(prenominal) of the four-spotsome remembering devices i) oneness of the four 1200 Mb record drives (at a rate of 5.9Mb every second), ii) one of two mensuration 200ips 6250bpi put down drives, iii) a warm rural area terminus imposture (SSD) (which is more than desire a 128Mb read/write memory magnetic disc), or iv) through and through to a confront-end electronic computer (the U of T uses both the IBM4381 and a declination VAX). These computers would be programmed (usually in FORTRAN) and the tuition passed onto the Cray. The results would then be transfered back to the front end computers.